Nuclear Chemistry

thermonuclear Chemistry
Chapter 10

1

OBJECTIVES
Define nuclear Chemistry Describe stable, unstable, and very unstable isotopes Describe the characteristics of the types of beam Define half-life spring uses of radioisotopes Differentiate nuclear fission from nuclear fusion
2

Nuclear Chemistry
Nuclear Chemistry deals with radioactivity, its origin, nature, properties and characteristics as well as its implication to nature and the physical world.

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Nuclear Chemistry
Radioactivity is the spontaneous emission of the particles alpha, and beta, or gamma rays through the disintegration of nuclear nuclei of radioisotopes. Radioisotopes are hot isotopes.

4

Nuclear Chemistry
Radioactive decay is the disintegration of an unstable atomic nucleus by spontaneous emission of radiation.

5

Nuclear Chemistry
ray is the nix emitted by the nucleus (of atom) of an infinitesimal size which blend in through space. Ionizing radiation

Non-ionizing radiation
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Nuclear Chemistry
Ionizing Radiation have sufficient energy to ionize an atom ?, ?, ? Non-ionizing Radiation The energy radiates (i.e., travels outward in straight lines in all directions) from its source.





7

Electromagnetic Radiation
The Electromagnetic Spectrum

 husking OF RADIOACTIVITY

9

 baring of Radioactivity
Henri Becquerel (1852 1908) found that uranium crystals had the property of fogging a photographic plate that had been placed near crystals, which took place even though the photographic plate was wrapped in black paper.

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Discovery of Radioactivity
Marie Curie and Pierre Curie discovered other hot elements (Th, Po, Ra) . They also found that radioactivity of substances was associated with their elements, not with compounds.

Marie Curie called the radiation discovered by Becquerel as radioactivity.
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The Nuclear Atom

12

The Rutherford Experiment

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